Level of antibiotic contamination in the major river systems: A review on South Asian countries perspective

Prabhjot Singh Jassal; Dapinder Kaur; Manpreet Kaur; Pallavi; Disha Sharma

doi:10.7324/JAPS.2023.56748

Abstract

Antibiotics are medicines used to forestall and treat bacterial infections. They work by killing the bacteria or by making it difficult for them to develop and multiply. Various types of antibiotics were used worldwide. Due to their partial metabolization inside the body, the leftover antibiotics are discharged into rivers, seas, and oceans without pre-treatment. There are different sewage treatment plants available for antibiotics removal but these are not used efficiently. This review gives insight into the presence of different antibiotics in rivers of major south Asian countries. The area is thus chosen due to the increase in the annual consumption of antibiotics. The study includes five rivers of India named Kshipra, Musi, Ganga, Yamuna, and Gomti; two rivers of Sri Lanka named Kelani and Gin and one river each from Nepal and Bangladesh named Bagmati and Brahmaputra. The amount of antibiotics present varies from country to country and from river to river. The current review will therefore showcase the most prominent antibiotics found in these water sources.

Keyword: Antibiotics pharmaceuticals river water contamination treatment

Citation:

Jassal PS, Kaur D, Kaur M, Pallavi, Sharma D. Level of antibiotic contamination in the major river systems: A review on South Asian countries perspective. J Appl Pharm Sci, 2023. https://doi.org/10.7324/JAPS.2023.56748

Copyright: © The Author(s). This is an open-access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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