The Investigation of Antibacterial Activities of Ethanol and Methanol Extracts of Flavoparmelia caperata (L.) Hale (Parmeliaceae) and Roccella phycopsis Ach. (Roccellaceae) Lichens Collected from Eastern Blacksea Region, Turkey

This study evaluates antibacterial activities of extracts of Flavoparmelia caperata and Roccella phycopsis by disc-diffusion and broth dilution methods against seven gram positive and nine gram negative bacteria. The solvents used as extractants in this study were ethanol and methanol. The antibacterial activities of lichen extracts were comparable with penicillin, tetracycline and gentamicin, commonly used antibiotics for the treatment of infections. Antibacterial activities of lichen extracts ranged from 14-26 mm. It was observed from the studies that the most resistant bacteria was Bacillus megaterium and the most sensitive bacteria was Proteus vulgaris. Studied lichen extracts have antibacterial activity on both gram negative and gram positive bacteria. The minimum inhibitory concentration values of the lichen extracts were ranged from 58-7500 µg/mL. Our studies suggest that methanol and ethanol extracts of Flavoparmelia caperata and Roccella phycopsis could be an alternative of the antibiotic to cure the diseases.