Antioxidants effects of Platinum Nanoparticles: A Potential Alternative Treatment to Lung Diseases

Imbalance oxidative status occurs when oxidative stress is higher in the body due to the production of reactive oxygen species. Thus, antioxidants are needed to counteract the production of free radicals. Reoccurrence of oxidative stress in the lung cells will eventually lead to inflammation and edema. This will result to a severe prognosis of lung diseases. Our interest is to populate certain mechanisms that can be activated during this process by reversing the oxidative stress status. Platinum nanoparticles (PtNPs) have been suggested as one of the powerful antioxidants that can quench free radicals. The mechanistic pathway may involve Protein Kinase C, which correlates well with the expression of the Epithelial Sodium Channel (ENaC). ENaC plays an important role in sodium uptake thus stimulate lung liquid clearance. The failure of lung clearance will interrupt gaseous exchange thus eventually lead to death. This review will discuss on the antioxidant properties of PtNPs as well as the underlying mechanism of PKC and ENaC in maintaining the oxidative status in the lung cells.