Vascular permeability and Evans blue dye: a physiological and pharmacological approach

The acute inflammatory response consists of three main vascular effects: vasodilatation and increased blood flow, increased vascular permeability, and leukocytosis into the injured tissues. All three events are induced relatively quickly, and, for all three, the pattern of response is complex but consistent. Evans blue dye is an alkaline stain, so there is an affinity for the alkali in the acidic nucleus. The use of Evans blue dye as an in vivo marker through vascular permeability, facilitates the investigation of the effect of pathological changes in various disorders mainly, immunological disorders, inflammatory disorders, cardiovascular diseases like atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, cancers and others. Endothelials have pathophysiological roles in pulmonary hypertension, arterial hypertension, atherosclerosis, cerebral vasospasm and inflammatory processes. The present review discussed with role of evans blue in the assessment of vascular permeability for the various pharmacological activities which are helps for the future investigations.