Research Article | Volume: 3, Issue: 5, May, 2013

Larvicidal and Brine Shrimp Activities of Vitex Schiliebenii Extracts and Isolated Phytoecdysteroids on Anopheles gambiae Giles S.S Larvae

Mokua G. Nyamoita ,  Innocent Ester,  Mbwambo H. Zakaria,  Lwande Wilber,  Bwire J. Ochola,  Hassanali Ahmed   
Mokua G. Nyamoita1 & 2 & 4, Innocent Ester1, Mbwambo H. Zakaria1, Lwande Wilber2, Bwire J. Ochola2, Hassanali Ahmed3

1Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Institute of Traditional Medicine, P.O. Box 65001, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.

2International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology, Bio-prospecting Unit, P.O. Box 30772-00100, Nairobi, Kenya.

3Kenyatta University, Department of Chemistry P.O. Box 43844-00100, Nairobi, Kenya.

4Kenyatta University, Department of Pharmacy and Complementary/Alternative Medicine P.O. Box 43844-00100, Nairobi, Kenya.

Open Access   

Published:  May 30, 2013

DOI: 10.7324/JAPS.2013.3517
PDF [ 0.1 MB]
Request Permission
Share
Download Citation
Print
Download PDF
Abstract

Acetone, methanol and aqueous extracts of the leaves, stem bark and root bark of Vitex schiliebenii belonging to the family Verbenaceae were evaluated for their larvicidal activity against late 3rd/early 4th Anopheles gambiae Giles s.s. larvae (Diptera: Culicidae). The extracts of the acetone leaves and stem bark were active with LC50 values of 14.6 and 17.4 ppm respectively at 24 hrs. These extracts exhibited low toxicity to brine shrimps with LC50 values of 180.9 and 154.4 ppm respectively. The constituents in these extracts were isolated and evaluated and the phytoecdysteroids 20-hydroxyecdysone (1) and stigmasterol (2) were identified as the active principles in the acetone stem bark while γ-sitosterol (3) was the active principle of the acetone leaf extract. The methanol leaf extract, the stem bark aqueous extract and the acetone root bark also showed potency against the mosquito species.


Keyword:     Vitex schiliebenii Verbenaceae

Citation:

Mokua G. Nyamoita, Innocent Ester, Mbwambo H. Zakaria, Lwande Wilber, Bwire J. Ochola, Hassanali Ahmed., Larvicidal and Brine Shrimp Activities of Vitex Schiliebenii Extracts and Isolated Phytoecdysteroids on Anopheles gambiae Giles S.S Larvae. J App Pharm Sci, 2013; 3 (05): 091-095.

Copyright:The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
HTML Full Text

Reference

Article Metrics
437 Views 17 Downloads 454 Total

Year

Month

Related Search

By author names