A Review on Epidemology, Pathopysiology and Management of Asthma

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder of respiratory airway. The chronic inflammation is associated with airway hyper-responsiveness that leads to recurrent episodes of wheezing, breathlessness, chest tightness, and coughing, particularly at night and in morning.300 million people are affected with asthma worldwide which is increasing 50%every decade. The disease can affect any age but prevalence of this disease is more common in children. Asthma is a multifactorial disease which includes environment, allergen, infection, genetic, exercise, obesity, and component. The pathophysiology of asthma includes inflammation. The purpose of therapy is to reduce the airway inflammation and increase the life style. Nonpharmacological treatment avoidance of allergn, pollutant, smoking, use of antioxidant, mineral and plant are beneficial in asthma treatment .The physical exercise like yoga, massage is also helpful. Pharmacological treatment with short-acting beta-agonists, anti-inflammatory drugs, and anticholinergics. Generally, pharmacological treatments are divided into 2 groups: quick-relief medications and controller medications. This review is focus on Asthma disease’s definition, causes, pathophysiology and management of Asthma disease in brief.