Research Article | Volume: 8, Issue: 6, June, 2018

Acute and sub-chronic toxicity studies of Dichaetanthera africana (Hook. F.) Jacq. Fel. (Melastomataceae) stem bark ethanol extract

Aristide Laurel Mokale Kognou,  ,  ,  Armelle Deutou Tchamgoue,  Lauve Rachel Yamthe Tchokouaha,  Dominic Ngima Nthenge-Ngumbau,  Patrick Valere Tsouh Fokou,  Alembert Tiabou Tchinda,  Gabriel Agbor Agbor,  Rebecca Madeleine Ebelle Etame ,  Raymond Simplice Mouokeu,  Cecile Enguehard Gueiffier,  Rajesh Singh Pawar,  Albert Sone Mouelle,  Rosalie Annie Ngono Ngane   
Aristide Laurel Mokale Kognou1, 2 , 3, Armelle Deutou Tchamgoue2, Lauve Rachel Yamthe Tchokouaha2, Dominic Ngima Nthenge-Ngumbau4, Patrick Valere Tsouh Fokou5, Alembert Tiabou Tchinda2, Gabriel Agbor Agbor2, Rebecca Madeleine Ebelle Etame1 , Raymond Simplice Mouokeu6, Cecile Enguehard Gueiffier7, Rajesh Singh Pawar3, Albert Sone Mouelle8, Rosalie Annie Ngono Ngane1

1Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Douala, P.O. Box 24157, Douala, Cameroon.

2Centre for Research on Medicinal Plants and Traditional Medicine, Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plants Studies, Ministry of Scientific Research and Innovation, P.O. Box 13033, Yaoundé, Cameroon.

3Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Phytochemistry and Ethnopharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, VNS Group of Institutions, VNS Campus, Vidya Vihar, Neelbud - 462044, Bhopal, India.

4CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Laboratory of Clinical & Experimental Neurosciences, Cell Biology & Physiology Division, 4, Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Kolkata - 700032, India.

5Antimicrobial and Biocontrol Agents Unit, University of Yaoundé 1, P.O. Box 812, Yaoundé, Cameroon.

6Institute of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, University of Douala, P.O. Box 2701, Douala, Cameroon.

7Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Francois-Rabelais University of Tours, 31 Avenue Monge, 37200 Tours, France.

8Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Douala, P.O. Box 2701, Douala, Cameroon.

Open Access   

Published:  Jun 29, 2018

DOI: 10.7324/JAPS.2018.8619
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Abstract

The safety of the ethanol stem bark extract of Dichaetanthera africana (DABE) was evaluated. A single oral dose of 1000 and 2000 mg/kg bw was administered to the rats in the acute toxicity study and the animals observed for 7 days. The crude extract was given by daily oral administration of 250–1000 mg/kg bw for 28 and 90 days respectively in the sub-chronic toxicity test. Body weight, rectal temperature, food and water consumptions were recorded weekly. Hematological and biochemical parameters and relative organ weights (liver, kidney, heart, and spleen) were determined at the end of the 28 and 90-day administration. Histopathological examination of the liver and kidney of rats was done. No adverse effects or mortality were observed throughout the period of the acute toxicity experiment (LD50 ˃ 2000 mg/kg). DABE did not produce any mortality and there were no significant differences between groups in daily oral administration for 28 days. For 90 days, DABE caused behavior adverse effects at the dose of 1000 mg/ kg bw. DABE resulted in significant changes in biochemical parameters at the dose of 500 and 1000 mg/kg bw. Liver histopathology revealed morphological alteration at these doses. The results suggested that DABE is relatively non-toxic in daily oral administration for 28 days. However, it becomes toxic for 90 consecutive days at the doses of 500 and 1000 mg/kg bw.


Keyword:     Dichaetanthera africana Melastomataceae Ethanol stem bark extract Oral acute toxicity Oral subchronic toxicity.

Citation:

Kognou ALM, Tchamgoue AD, Tchokouaha LRY, NthengeNgumbau DN, Fokou PVT, Tchinda AT, Agbor GA, Etame RME, Mouokeu RS, Gueiffier CE, Pawar RS, Mouelle AS, Ngane RAN. Acute and sub-chronic toxicity studies of Dichaetanthera africana (Hook. F.) Jacq. Fel. (Melastomataceae) stem bark ethanol extract. J App Pharm Sci, 2018; 8(06): 147-155.

Copyright: © The Author(s). This is an open-access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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