Protective effect of 3, 3′-Diindolylmethane encapsulated chitosan nanoparticles prop up with lipid metabolism and biotransformation enzymes against possible mammary cancer

3, 3′-Diindolylmethane (DIM) a dietary indole compound occur naturally as glucosinolate conjugates in Brassica vegetables has been extensively studied for its anticancer action both in vitro and in vivo models. Due to, its poor water solubility, its absorption upon oral administration has limited its clinical development. In order to improve its therapeutic value, nanoparticle based drug delivery system has paved way to revolutionize cancer for an effective treatment. In the current study, we have chosen a non toxic capping agent chitosan for the synthesis of DIM encapsulation. 7, 12- dimethylbenz (a) anthracene (DMBA) were used as chemical carcinogen to induce mammary cancer on Female Sprague Dawley rats. We observed increased levels of Cyt P 450, Cyt-b5 and drop off levels of GST and GR enzymes noticed in mammary and liver tissues of DMBA induced rats. Furthermore, the correlation between lipids and lipoproteins has been associated with the risk of breast cancer. Thus, the elevated levels of total cholesterol (TG), phospholipids (PL), triglycerides (TG) and free fatty acids (FFA) in plasma, liver and mammary tissues of DMBA induced tumor bearing rats. Moreover, very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) and low density lipoprotein (LDL) were increased and high density lipoprotein (HDL) levels were decreased in tumor bearing rats. Whereas, oral administration of DIM@CS-NP 0.5mg/kg b.wt were significantly reverted back to near normal level of Phase I, Phase II, lipids and lipoproteins. Our finding demonstrated that nanoencapsulation DIM@CS-NP proved a potent chemotherapeutic agent which may have a major impact in mammary cancer.