Pattern of Antimicrobial Resistance of Escherichia coli Isolates from Urinary Tract Infection Patients: A Three Year Retrospective Study

Objectives: To study the changing pattern of antimicrobial resistance of Escherichia coli isolates from patients of urinary tract infections over last three years

Materials and Methods: A retrospective, record based study carried out based on the records of Culture and sensitivity (C/S) reports of indoor patients, during past three years (2012 - 2014). The type of organisms most common in urine sample was noted and the drugs still effective for the particular organism were noted.

Results: E. coli was the most frequent isolate throughout the three years (67.66 % of the total isolates). Analysis of the results year wise indicated that the lowest percentage of resistance was manifested against imipenem between 11.86 % (2012) and 11.36 % (2014). Resistance for nitrofurantoin decreased over the three consecutive years from 36.1 % (2012) to 18.15 % (2014). Over the successive years, resistance to ceftriaxone tends to increase from 53.39 % (2012) to 73.33 % (2014). E coli showed absolute resistance (100 %) to cotrimoxazole and tetracycline. On an average over the three years E. coli showed high amount of resistance to fluoroquinolones (75 %) and aminoglycosides (67 %).While Multi drug resistant (MDR) E. coli range between 63 % (2012) to 65 % (2014).

Conclusion: The antimicrobial resistance patterns are constantly evolving and vary from region to region it has become a necessity to do constant antimicrobial sensitivity surveillance. This will help clinicians to provide safe and effective empirical therapies.