Review Article | Volume : 1 Issue : 6, August 2011

A review on biological matrices and analytical methods used for determination of drug of abuse

Nikhil Mali Manisha Karpe Vilasrao Kadam   

Open Access   

Abstract

Drug addiction is a chronic disease with a potential for fatality if not treated. The drugs with potential for abuse are mostly psychoactive drugs. Serious widespread medical and health consequences associated with drug abuse involve neurotoxicity, cardiovascular complications, impairment of the immune system function, and many other physiological effects. Illicit drug use remains the second most common mode of HIV infection. Various analytical techniques and number of biological matrices has been used for the detection of drug of abuse in cases such as drug addiction, driving under influence of drugs, neonatal drug exposure in case of drug abuse by pregnant women etc. Urine and blood sample remain the most widely used conventional biosample for the detection of drug of abuse. Various other alternative biological matrices such as saliva, hair, nails, tears and meconium have also been used for the same purpose. Number of analytical techniques such as liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and LC with tandem MS (LC-MS2), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), radioimmunoassay (RIA), electrospray ionization Time-of- Flight mass spectrometry (ESI-TOF), combination of ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) and TOF, fluorescence polarization immunoassay (FPIA) and enzyme multiplied immunoassay technique (EMIT) have been used for the detection of drugs of abuse in above mentioned biosamples. This review summarizes the conventional as well as alternative biological matrices and various analytical techniques used for the determination of drugs of abuse.


Keyword:     MTCT TRIAGE HAIRVEQ Solid phase extraction liquid-liquid extraction Fluorescence polarization immunoassay.


Copyright:The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

HTML Full Text

Reference

Article Metrics
605 Views 115 Downloads 720 Total

Year

Month

Related Search

By author names