Research Article | Volume: 3, Issue: 11, November, 2013
Research Article | Volume: 3, Issue: 11, November, 2013
Tartrazine is a yellow food colorant, widely used in food products, drugs and cosmetics. The acceptable daily intake (ADI) oh human is 0-7.5 mg/kg body weight. The objective of our study was to examine the toxicity of Tartrazine and its main metabolite Sulphanilic acid to the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, Brine Shrimp larvae (Artemia Salina) and KGN granulosa cell line; in the aim to develop our knowledge about their toxicity effects. In this research, toxicity of Tartrazine and Sulphanilic acid were examined to the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans with Escherichia coli as a food source. Our results showed that from a 3 mM concentration of Tartrazine, and 1mM of Sulphanilic supplementation can disrupt the cell cycle nematode C. elegans even if it does not cause death. Different concentrations of Tartrazine and Sulphanilic acid (1, 2.5, 5, 7.5, 10, 25 50, 75, 100 µg/ml) were tested for their toxicity in a short term bioassay using Brine Shrimp (Artemia salina). The Brine Shrimp were hatched in artificial sea water and exposed to the Tartrazine and Sulphanilic acid after 48 hours. LC50 values were calculated after probit transformation of the resulting data. Tartrazine did not show any significant toxicity against Brine Shrimp but Sulphanilic acid was mildly toxic (LC50 value (μg/ml) of ~82.3 μg/ml). The Brine Shrimp assay proved to be a convenient and rapid system for toxicity assessment. The human KGN ovarian granulosa-like tumor cell culture line has been used as an in vitro system for determination of the effects of Tartrazine and sulphanilic acid, the result showed that Tartrazine and Sulphanilic acid were unaffected after 24 h of treatment exposure.
Imane Himri, Abdelkarim Guaadaoui, Faiza Souna, Mohammed Bouakka, Ahmed Melhaoui, Abdelkader Hakkou, Ennouamane Saalaoui., Toxicity Testing of Tartrazine using the Nematode Caenorhabditis Elegans, Brine Shrimp Larvae (Artemia Salina) and kgn Granulosa Cell Line. J App Pharm Sci, 2013; 3 (11): 051- 058.
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