Use of Wild Plants at Dermatosis ( Skin Deseases ) : Ethnobotany

Data about 23 species of wild plants spread in the Azerbaijan flora and widely used in folk medicine (at skin diseases) during Ethnobotanical Researches have been acquired: Lycоpоdium clаvаtum L. Pinus sylvеstris L., Quеrcus rоbur L., Mоrus аlbа L., Rhеum rupеstrе Litv., Chеlidоnium mаjus L., Ribеs nigrum L., Rоsа cаninа L., Filipеndulа ulmаriа (L.) Mахim., Аgrimоniа еupаtоriа L., Mеlilоtus оfficinаlis (L.) Pаll., Peganum harmala L., Hypеricum pеrfоrаtum L., Hippоphае rhаmnоidеs L., Оrigаnum vulgаrе L., Plаntаgо mаjоr L., Viburnum оpulus L., Bidеns tripаrtitа L., Sаmbucus nigrа L., Tussilаgо fаrfаrа L., Hеlichrysum plicаtum DC., Tаnаcеtum vulgаrе L., Mаtricаriа chаmоmillа L., Tаrахаcum оfficinаlе Wigg., Vеrbаscum dеnsiflоrum Bеrtоl., Cеntаurium umbеllаtum Gilib. Areals and biological features of these plants, parts used as medicine and phases of plants have been specified and their medicinal significance and curative properties defined on the result of the complex researches executed in 2007-2011. Wild medicinal herbs collected for cure of dermatovenereological diseases bore great interest. On the result of the researches executed below information related to the use of bioecological and phythotherapeutic properties of some wild plants especially at dermatovenereology including other diseases were provided. It’s been known a part of the studied plants takes a wide range in the flora and it’s possible to use them as a biological base of raw materials. Some plants are threatened as they’re collected unlimitedly. Taking into account in-situ collections of such plants have been created and the seeds collected were reintroduced in their initial natural populations.


INTRODUCTION
Since the ancient period human being widely used nature, i.e. vegetable kingdom for curative purposes of occurred diseases.While being in connection with the vegetable kingdom people have studied its useful aspects and used it.As a result of thousands of observations carried out by the peoples of the world curative significance of wild plants has been studied (Turova, 1984) and physicians treated people by means of herbs in the regions (Damirov, 1970).
Though tenth of books have been written in Azerbaijan by the specialists dealing with use of herbs (Damirov et al., 1988;Kerimov et al., 1996, Ibadullayeva et al., 2010;2011;Mamedova et al., 2011) according to the published articles there are also such herbs in our flora that are not being met in any source of literature yet.That is why ethnobotany surveys have been carried out during the last 5 years' expeditions concerning to ecoprotective effects of plants that would give to the indigenous population and conversations have been done with them.On the result certain prospects of wild plants in the regions were determined.
387 plant species were used by physicians in the Middle Age Azerbaijan medicine; unfortunately 252 species (69%) out of the existing ones in present-day Azerbaijan medicine were not accessed into the pharmacopoeia.Only 135 species like official herbs have been introduced.More than 400 plant species out of more than 4500 wild plants belonged to 150 families and 1000 genera met in the Azerbaijan flora are being used in folk medicine.The herbs collected for cure of dermato-venereological diseases including suppuratives, scabs and eruption generate a special interest.

MATERIALS AND METHODS
Research object are medicinal herbs used at skin diseases by ancient Azerbaijanis.This information is based on ancient folk medicine and some of them are being used at today's phytotherapy at present.While studying bio-ecological and phytoterapevtical features of the wild herbs classic and current methods were used (Zayko et al., 2007;Krilova and Shreter, 1971).About 30 natural populations have been selected, plant spreading appropriateness were observed as well as certain arrangements concerning to their collection were implemented during the expeditions.Lifestyles of the herbs have been determined (Serebryakov, 1964;The Azerbaijan flora, 1950-1961) and their use areas were investigated (Prilipko, 1965;Rossiyskiy, 1964;Present-day phytoterapy, 1988;Sokolov, 2000).

RESULTS
Complex researches to identify ethnic use of food and MAP and all useful plants in general have been carried out in 2007-2011; the acquired data were registered as well as new use potentialities of more than 100 wild plans were appeared through consultations with physicians and local people (Ibadullayeva et al., 2010;2011).The wild medicinal herbs collected for cure of dermatovenereological diseases bore a great interest.On the result of the researches carried out below information related to the use of bio-ecological and phythotherapeutic properties of some wild plants especially at dermato-venereological diseases including their use at other diseases was provided (table1).
On the result of the carried out investigations it has been known that a part of the studied plants takes a wide range in the flora and it is possible to use them as a biological base of raw materials.
However, there are some plants that are threatened as they are collected without any limit.Taking into account in-situ collections of such plants have been created and the seeds collected were reintroduced in their initial natural populations.

Table . 1
: Bioecological and ethno-pharmacological properties of some wild herbs. №Names